Population-based survey on menopausal symptoms and treatment use.

OBJECTIVE: This article aimed to study the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) among Spanish perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, the presence of menopausal symptoms and the sources of information. METHODS: The epidemiological study using a survey included Spanish perimenopausal or postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 70 years in August 2021. RESULTS: A total of 1254 women were included. In the postmenopausal group, 86% reported one or more menopausal symptoms; the most frequent was vulvovaginal dryness (57%). Among the symptomatic women, 15.2% used some treatment. Vasomotor symptoms (p = 0.001), vulvovaginal atrophy (p < 0.001) and symptoms related to sexuality (p < 0.001) were associated with greater use of treatments; 2.5% of postmenopausal women used MHT. In the perimenopausal group, 75.1% were symptomatic, hot flashes being the most frequent. Only insomnia was related to greater use of some treatment (p = 0.021); 1.6% of perimenopausal women used MHT. The most common reason for women's rejection of MHT was the fear of side effects, especially cancer. The gynecologist was the most frequently used source of information. CONCLUSIONS: Although there is a high prevalence of symptoms, the use of MHT in Spanish perimenopausal and postmenopausal women is very low.

Position of the Spanish Menopause Society regarding the management of perimenopause.

Perimenopause is an imprecise period in woman over 40 years of age, which comprises the time between the moment that the first changes in the menstrual cycle appear and the year following the definitive cessation of the menses. Besides irregular bleeding, many women also complain of hot flashes and other characteristic symptoms of postmenopause. Moreover, most of them are concerned about the future impact that these events may have on their health, such as needing health exams or continuing to use contraceptive methods. A panel of experts from the Spanish Menopause Society has met to establish diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for this period based on the best available evidence.

Valoración del riesgo vírico asociado a la alimentación con carnada en el engorde del atún rojo (Thunnus thynnus) / Assessment of risk transmission virus diseases across of food used to feed bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)

El engorde de atún rojo es una actividad económica de gran importancia en el contexto de la acuicultura nacional, especialmente para el área mediterránea. La alimentación se realiza exclusivamente mediante carnada compuesta por ejemplares completos de peces de pequeños pelágicos y moluscos cefalópodos como el calamar. La cantidad de carnada necesaria para alimentar a estos animales es muy considerable, ya que se estima entre el 2 y el 10% del peso corporal de los atunes. La D. G. de Ganadería y Pesca, dentro programa Piloto de Vigilancia Epidemiológica en Animales Acuáticos en aguas interiores de la Región de Murcia iniciado en el 2006, establece la realización de una serie de controles regulares sobre la carnada utilizada en la granjas de atunes del Litoral de Murcia. El objetivo es valorar de forma práctica la posibilidad de transmisión de enfermedades víricas a la fauna silvestre local y al resto de granjas de acuicultura situadas en la zona. En el presente trabajo se reflejan los resultados de los 4 años de este programa de vigilancia (AU)

The fattening of bluefin tuna is a very important economic activity for Spanish aquaculture, and mainly for the Mediterranean area. The feeding is supplied exclusively by bait consisting of complete copies of small pelagic fish and cephalopods like squid. The amount of bait needed to feed these animals is very considerable, since it is estimated between 2 and 10%. The D. G. Livestock and Fisheries within Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot Program in Aquatic Animal Inland Murcia Region started in 2006, provides for the realization of a series of regular checks on the bait used on tuna farms in Murcia ́s coast. The objective is to evaluate in a practical way possible transmission of viral diseases to the local wildlife and the rest of aquaculture farms located in the area. In this paper reflects the results of the first four years of this monitoring program (AU)

Valoración sobre la presencia y el control sanitario del coccidio aggregata octopiana en pulpo común procedente de acuicultura / An evaluation of the presence and need for sanitary control of the coccidia Aggregata octopiana in the common octopus in aquaculture

La infección del tracto digestivo por el coccidio Aggregata octopiana es muy frecuente en el pulpo común (Octopus vulgaris), especie que presenta una gran potencialidad en acuicultura. En condiciones de cultivo intensivo se han descrito alteraciones del equilibrio hospedador parásito, produciendo hiperinfecciones que comprometen la salud y la viabilidad del animal pudiendo conllevar que no sea apto para consumo humano en aplicación de la normativa vigente. En el presente trabajo se hace la primera valoración del grado de infección en pulpos cultivados tanto en tanques como en jaulas en mar abierto en el sureste de España, obteniéndose una prevalencia del 100% de los 49 ejemplares examinados, si bien en ningún caso se observó desarrollo de nódulos parasitarios en el tejido muscular, siendo en todos los casos aptos para su consumo. Aunque no presenta carácter de zoonosis, es importante que las autoridades sanitarias encargadas de la inspección de los productos de la pesca conozcan la existencia y prevalencia de A. octopiana (AU)

Coccidial infection of the intestinal tract by Aggregata octopiana is very frequent in the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris), a marine species with great potential in aquaculture. Altered host-parasite relationship under intensive rearing conditions has been described resulting in hiperinfections that compromise the health and viability of the animal and may lead to condemnation for human consumption, according to present regulations. The present study is the first to evaluate the degree of coccidial infection in octopus raised in tanks and open sea cages in southeast Spain. Results showed 100% prevalence of infection among the 49 animals analysed. However, none of the animals had coccidial nodules in muscle indicating their suitability for human consumption. Although infections by A. octopiana are not considered zoonotic, the present study indicates that health authorities should be aware that the parasite can be highly prevalent (AU)

Hemangioma ovárico / Ovarian hemangioma

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Tumor trofoblástico del lecho placentario / Trophoblastic tumour of the placental bed

No disponible